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首页> 外文期刊>Medycyna Weterynaryjna >Causes of the particularly rapid rise of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and action against the risk for human health originating from zoonotic bacteriaOriginal Title (non-English) Przyczyny szczegolnie szybko narastajacej antybiotykoopornosci bakterii oraz przeciwdzialanie zagrozeniu dla zdrowia ludzi ze strony bakterii zoonotycznych [Polish]
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Causes of the particularly rapid rise of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and action against the risk for human health originating from zoonotic bacteriaOriginal Title (non-English) Przyczyny szczegolnie szybko narastajacej antybiotykoopornosci bakterii oraz przeciwdzialanie zagrozeniu dla zdrowia ludzi ze strony bakterii zoonotycznych [Polish]

机译：源于人畜共患细菌的细菌对抗生素的抵抗力特别迅速上升的原因和对人类健康的危害行动原文（非英语）细菌尤其对抗生素的抵抗力迅速上升的原因以及防止人畜共患病的细菌对人类健康的威胁[波兰语]

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Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance are briefly presented, stressing that bacteria from clinical and non-clinical sources are becoming increasingly resistant during the 2 last decades to available antibiotics. Earlier this was the case in Gram-positive bacteria and during the last decade it is occuring faster in relation to Gram-negative bacteria. This is mainly due to mobile genes located on plasmids. The increasing international movement of humans, animals and animal products plays an important role in this global spread. Moreover, information on the emergence of a new antimicrobial antibiotic resistance in India and Pakistan is presented, on the basis of observations regarding Enterobacteriaceae, transferred by humans to the United Kingdom. It is encoded by the recently identified NDM-1 gene. This gene is responsible for the currently intensively spreading multiple drug resistance, posing a great risk to public health. In this situation the role of bacteria occurring in food and companion animals is evaluated as an additional risk to public health, although until now the mentioned gene has not been detected in strains from these sources. However other antibiotic resistance genes from this source can be transferred to bacteria occurring in humans. In connection with this the present European Union's conclusions and recommendations on antimicrobial resistance of bacteria in animal reservoirs addressed to the Veterinary Services of the Member Countries with the intension of minimizing this hazard for human health are discussed.
机译：简要介绍了抗菌素耐药性的机制，强调在过去的20年中，来自临床和非临床来源的细菌对耐药菌的耐药性越来越高。在早期，革兰氏阳性菌就是这种情况，在最近十年中，相对于革兰氏阴性菌，它的发生速度更快。这主要是由于位于质粒上的移动基因。人类，动物和动物产品日益国际化的运动在这一全球传播中起着重要作用。此外，根据对人类转移到联合王国的肠杆菌科的观察，介绍了在印度和巴基斯坦出现新的抗菌素耐药性的信息。它由最近鉴定的NDM-1基因编码。该基因与目前正在广泛传播的多重耐药性有关，对公共健康构成了极大的风险。在这种情况下，虽然到目前为止尚未在来自这些来源的菌株中检测到上述基因，但仍将食品和伴侣动物中细菌的作用评估为对公共健康的附加风险。但是，来自该来源的其他抗生素抗性基因可以转移到人类体内发生的细菌中。与此相关的是，本欧洲联盟针对动物贮藏室中细菌对细菌的抗药性的结论和建议针对成员国的兽医部门，旨在最大程度地减少对人类健康的危害。

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