The uncertainties of three essential factors of earthquake ground motions, namely amplitude, frequency content and duration, have most important effects on structural seismic demands for the structural seismic design and analysis. Previous seismic disasters have shown that the comprehensive effects of three essential characteristics dramatically influenced the collapse and failure of all kinds of structures. The review of the research on structural seismic demand analysis is presented in two aspects-earthquake engineering and earthquake resistance of structures, including analysis methods, research contents and effect factors, especially three essential factors of earthquake ground motions.%在结构抗震设计和分析中,地震地面运动特性(用幅值、频谱特性和持时表示)的变异性对于结构地震需求的影响最大.震害经验表明,各类结构的震害均表现为这三个基本要素综合影响的结果.因此,从地震工程学和结构抗震两个方面,对国内外结构地震需求分析研究现状进行了较为全面的论述,包括分析方法、研究内容、影响因素等,重点论述了地面运动三要素对结构地震需求的影响,提出了存在的问题和今后尚需开展的研究工作.
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